"Transformer" ek electrical device hai jo AC (Alternating Current) ki voltage ko badalne mein aur transmit karne mein use hota hai. Transformers, electricity ko high voltage se low voltage ya low voltage se high voltage mein convert karne mein upayogi hote hain, jisse energy ko efficient taur par transmit kiya ja sake.
Transformers ek coil se doosre coil mein energy transfer karte hain, lekin isme direct electrical connection nahi hota hai. Yeh electromagnetic induction ka principle istemal karte hain.
Transformers do prakar ke hote hain:
Step-Up Transformer: Isme output voltage input voltage se adhik hota hai. Iska upayog electricity ko long-distance transmission ke liye kiya jata hai, kyun ki high voltage mein energy loss kam hoti hai.
Step-Down Transformer: Isme output voltage input voltage se kam hota hai. Iska upayog general electricity distribution ke liye kiya jata hai, kyun ki low voltage homes aur industries mein safe taur par upyog ho sakta hai.
Transformer ke mukhya bhag hote hain:
Core: Transformers ke core mein magnetic material hota hai (jaise ki iron), jo electromagnetic induction process ko enhance karta hai.
Coil (Winding): Transformers mein do coils hoti hain - primary coil aur secondary coil. Jab primary coil mein current flow hota hai, magnetic field utpann hota hai, aur phir is magnetic field ke karan secondary coil mein voltage utpann hota hai.
Transformers electricity transmission network mein key role play karte hain aur iske bina long-distance power transmission aur efficient distribution mushkil hoti.