Electric current, jise hum "current" kehte hain, ek flow hai jisme electric charge (usually electrons) ek conductor mein move karte hain. Current ki "speed" ko lekar kuch confusion hoti hai, kyun ki electric current ki speed actual mein charge carriers (jaise electrons) ki speed par depend karta hai.
Drift Velocity: Electric current ke flow mein, charge carriers (jaise electrons) ka average velocity ko drift velocity kehte hain. Drift velocity typically bahut hi kam hoti hai, kuch millimeters per second level par. Yeh velocity conductive material ke prakritik guno, jaise ki electrical conductivity, par depend karti hai.
Signal Speed: Electric current signal ka propagation speed hota hai, jo ke light speed ke kuch fraction ka hota hai. Isse mean hota hai ki information (current) ek point se doosre point tak transmit hone mein ek chhota samay lagta hai.
Light Speed: Electromagnetic signals, jo ke electric current ke saath juda hua hai, light speed (approximately 3 x 10^8 meters per second) ke bahut kareeb hota hai. Lekin, isse bhi slow hota hai jab hum actual charge carriers ki speed ki baat karte hain.
So, current ki "speed" ka jawab dene mein thoda complex hota hai, kyun ki isme different factors aur conditions ka prabhav hota hai. Ismein signal propagation, drift velocity, aur electromagnetic wave speed saamil hote hain, lekin actual charge carriers ki speed kam hoti hai.